Oil; general name given to hydrocarbons in gas, liquid and solid state. Liquid hydrocarbons are called crude oil, gas states are natural gas, solid ones are called asphalt-paraffin or bitumen according to their composition.
The crude oil extracted from the well is separated into its components after the distillation, and asphalt, paraffin, benzine etc. obtained.
After this process, the bitumen which is too solid to be used at normal air temperature; petrol, diesel, kerosene and water, which is a different technique, and is made to be used.
At this last stage, asphalt is now ready for use in floor coverings.
Asphalt first used Mesopotamian inscriptions in the temples' baths and water tanks.
The ancient Egyptians also used asphalt as a mixture of rock rocks to prevent erosion along the Nile River.
The use of asphalt as road material occurred during the Babylonian period (625 BC)
In 1595 near Lake Venezuela, the lake in Trinidad Island was identified as natural asphalt and was used for waterproofing ships.
At the beginning of 1800, John McAdam made the first road using crushed stone and pitch.
In 1871, the first hot mix asphalt production was carried out and the winner (N.Y.)
In 1907, the first asphalt was produced using refined petroleum bitumen.
In 1955 the National Association of Asphalt Coatings (NAPA) was established.
1956 is a turning point in the asphalt sector; the electronic punching paver and the roller were used for the first time this year.
At the beginning of the 1970s, asphalt was re-used and a large-scale economy was provided.
Today, U.S. reuse is more than 70,000,000 tons of asphalt recycled annually.
